Understanding Solid State Physics by Holgate Sharon Ann;

Author:Holgate, Sharon Ann;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group
Published: 2021-02-18T12:00:00+00:00

States of the Free-Electron Model

As the electrons in the Fermi gas obey the Pauli exclusion principle, they are only rarely scattered by each other. This is in direct contrast to Drude’s model in which the valence electrons can collide both with each other and with the fixed lattice ions.

To understand more about how the electrons behave in this model, it is useful to imagine the electrons moving in just one dimension (1-D). The metal can then be represented by a square well potential (see Appendix D) where the distance 0 to L is the entire length of the crystal. We know from quantum mechanics that these electrons cannot just have any energy within this well. They can only have energies given by

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